MS Disease-modifying Treatment Pipeline - April 2007

Approved
1. Avonex (interferon beta 1a)
2. Betaseron (interferon beta 1b)
3. Copaxone (glatiramir acetate)
4. Novantrone (mitoxantrone)
5. Rebif (interferon beta 1a)
6. Tysabri (natalizumab)

Treatments not formally approved for MS but used “off label”
1. Antibiotics: Doxycycline, Amoxicillin, Rifampin, Metronidazole -- OR -- Doxycycline, Roxithromycin, Metronidazole
2. Azathioprine (aka Imuran)
3. Cyclophosphamide (aka Cytoxan)
4. Intravenous Immune Globulin (IVIg)
5. Low-Dose Naltrexone (LDN)
6. Methotrexate
7. Mycophenolate mofetil (aka Cellcept)
8. Plasma exchange (aka plasmapheresis)

Phase III Trials
1. Betaseron (500 mcg dose) (Schering)
2. BG12 (Biogen)
3. Campath (aka alemtuzumab) (Genzyme)
4. Copaxone (40mg dose) (Teva)
5. FTY720 (aka fingolimod) (Novartis)
6. Laquinimod (aka ABR-215062) (Teva)
7. MBP8298 (BioMS) (trial for SPMS)
8. Mycophenolate mofetil (aka Cellcept) (with Avonex)
9. Mylinax (oral cladribine) (Serono)
10. Progestin and Estradiol (Hospices Civils de Lyon)
11. Rebif (fetal bovine serum-free/human serum albumin-free) (Serono)
12. Rituximab (aka Rituxan) (Biogen / Genentech) (trial for PPMS)
13. Stem cells - autologous hematopoietic (ASTIMS trial)
14. T-Cell Vaccination (aka TCV-01-002) (Sheba Medical Center)
15. Teriflunomide (aka HMR 1726) (Sanofi-Aventis)

Phase II Trials
1. A4I (Hoffmann-La Roche)
2. Albuterol (aka Proventil) (with Copaxone)
3. Alferon N Injection (Hemispherx Biopharma)
4. Anti-CD154 (aka IDEC-131 or E6040) (Dartmouth)
5. ATL-1102 (Antisense Therapeutics)
6. Bacille Calmette-Guèrin (BCG) Vaccine
7. BHT-3009-01 (Bayhill Therapeutics) (with Lipitor)
8. Cannabinoids - oral (PPMS) (Clinical Neurology Research Group - Plymouth)
9. CDP323 (UCB / Biogen)
10. Chaperonin 10 (aka Cpn10) (C-Bio)
11. CNTO1275 (Centocor)
12. Cyclophosphamide - high dose (aka Cytoxan) (SPMS)
13. Daclizumab (aka Zenapax) (Protein Design Labs, Biogen-Idec)
14. DNA vaccination (Stanford University)
15. Doxycycline (with Avonex)
16. Enkorten (aka FAR404) (Farmacija)
17. Erythropoietin (aka EPO) (Stem Cell Therapeutics)
18. Estriol (with Copaxone) (UCLA)
19. Estroprogestins (with IFN beta 1a) (S. Andrea Hospital)
20. Flecainide (SPMS) (Wolfson Centre)
21. Fluoxetine (aka Prozac) (SP/PP MS) (University Medical Center Groningen)
22. GEM-SP (SPMS) (Gemacbio)
23. Helminth-induced immunomodulation therapy (HINT) (U of Wisconsin)
24. IL-12/23 monoclonal antibody (Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center)
25. Inosine (Thomas Jefferson University)
26. Interferon alpha (oral) (University of Texas-Houston)
27. Interferon enhancing therapy (aka EMZ701) (Transition Therapeutics)
28. Interferon-tau (aka tauferon) (Pepgen)
29. Kynurenine (aka Tranilast) (Stanford)
30. L-000124467 (Mount Sinai Medical Center)
31. Lamotrigine (aka Lamictal) (SPMS) (Glaxosmithkline)
32. Lipoic acid (with interferon beta) (SPMS) (OHSU)
33. Low-dose naltrexone (aka LDN) (UCSF)
34. Lipitor (aka atorvastatin) (Pfizer)
35. Lymphocytapheresis, azathioprine & prednisone (SPMS) (U of Chicago)
36. MBP8298 (BioMS) (RRMS trial)
37. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (University of Cambridge)
38. Methotrexate - intrathecal
39. Minocyline (2 trials: 1. with copaxone; 2. with rebif)
40. MLN1202 (Millenium)
41. MN-166 (aka ibudilast and Ketas) (Medicinova)
42. N-acetyl-L-cysteine (with copaxone)
43. Neurovax (Immune Response Corp)
44. Pioglitazone (Actos)
45. Pirfenidone (aka Deskar) (Intermune) (trial for SPMS complete)
46. Pixantrone (aka BBR 2778) (Cell Therapeutics)
47. Pravastatin (Nantes University Hospital - France)
48. RG2077 (aka CTLA4-IgG4m) (Immune Tolerance Network and Repligen)
49. Riluzole (with Avonex) (UCSF)
50. RO0506997 (Hoffmann-La Roche)
51. Rituximab (aka Rituxan) (Biogen / Genentech) (RRMS trial)
52. RPI-78M (Nutra Pharma / ReceptoPharm)
53. SB-683699 (aka T-0047) (oral) (Glaxosmithkline / Tanabe)
54. Stem Cells (European Charcot Foundation)
55. T-Cell Vaccination (Hasselt University, Belgium)
56. Temsirolimus (aka CCI-779) (Wyeth)
57. Testosterone (UCLA)
58. Topiramate (aka Topamax) (with Avonex)
59. Tovaxin (Opexa)
60. TV-5010 (Teva)
61. Vitamin D3 (with calcium) (St. Michael's Hospital - Toronto)
62. Zocor (aka simvastatin) (Merck)

Phase I Trials
1. AVE9897 (Sanofi-Aventis)
2. AZD5904 (AstraZeneca)
3. BCX-4208 (aka DADMe-Immunicillin-H or R3421) (BioCryst and Roche)
4. Cannabinor (Pharmos)
5. CCX915 (CCR2 antagonist) (ChemoCentryx)
6. CRA-028129 (cathepsin S inhibitor) (Schering)
7. DW908e (oral) (Daiichi)
8. Extracorporeal photochemotherapy (University of Milano-Bicocca)
9. Gemfibrozil (aka Lopid)
10. INCB8696 (Incyte)
11. JNK Inhibitor (Serono)
12. MDX1100 (Medarex)
13. MLN0415 (Millenium / Sanofi-Aventis)
14. MM-093 (Recombinant Human Alpha-Fetoprotein) (Merrimack)
15. MMP-12 Inhibitor (Serono)
16. NNZ-2566 (Neuren)
17. NI-0401 (NovImmune)
18. R1295 (Roche)
19. RTL1000 (Artielle ImmunoTherapeutics)
20. SC12267 (4SC AG)
21. SGN-30 (anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody) (Seattle Genetics)
22. Sildenafil Citrate (aka Viagra)
23. TK54 (LTKfarma)
24. Treosulfan (SPMS)

Pre-clinical substances
1. AEG35156 (XIAP antagonist) (Aegera)
2. Aequorin (Quincy Bioscience)
3. Arvanil (synthetic capsaicin-anandamide hybrid)
4. AT-008 (Androclus)
5. AZD 8797 (AstraZeneca)
6. Bowmann-Birk Inhibitor Concentrate (BBIC) (Jefferson Medical College)
7. Calpeptin (calpain-specific inhibitor) (Medical U of S Carolina)
8. Cathepsin S (Medivir)
9. CD3 antibodies (Harvard)
10. CD83 (Argos Therapeutics)
11. CEP-701 (Johns Hopkins)
12. CF101 (Can Fite BioPharma)
13. CF402 (Can Fite BioPharma)
14. CGEN-54 (Compugen)
15. CHR-1103 (Chromos)
16. Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF)
17. CT301 (University of Western Ontario)
18. CYLA (calpain inhibitor) (SUNY Downstate Medical Center)
19. Dilantin (phenytoin) (Yale University)
20. DP IV and APN inhibition (Otto-von-Guericke University, Germany)
21. DZ2002 (Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica)
22. Epratuzumab (IMMU-103) (Immunomedics)
23. ESPRIT (Exon Skipping Pre-RNA Interference) (AVI BioPharma)
24. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) ligand (UCLA)
25. Fasudil (Kyushu University)
26. GEMS-001 (Gemacbio)
27. Glial Growth Factor 2 (aka GGF2) (Acorda)
28. Glucosamine (Thomas Jefferson University)
29. hBCMA-Fc (La Trobe University - Australia)
30. HE3204 (Hollis-Eden)
31. HP184 (Sanofi-Aventis)
32. IL-1ra gene therapy (San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan)
33. Interferon-beta - electroporation (EP)-mediated intramuscular IFN-beta gene transfer (Cleveland Clinic)
34. LF 15-0195 (Universite Paul Sabatier, France)
35. LJP 1207 (La Jolla Pharmaceuticals)
36. LLDT-8 (Chinese Academy of Sciences)
37. LX2931 (Lexicon Genetics)
38. MCT-175 (MultiCell)
39. Mikbeta1 (National Institutes of Health)
40. MTA (methylthioadenosine) (University of Navarra - Spain)
41. MT203 (human anti-GM-CSF IgG1 antibody) (Micromet AG)
42. NAPVSIPQ (NAP) (Allon)
43. Neurodur (Ceptor)
44. Neutrazumab (C5a Receptor antagonist) (G2 Therapies)
45. Nicotinamide (a form of vitamin B3) (Children's Hospital - Boston)
46. ONO-2506 (arundic acid) (Takizawa et al)
47. OPN-101 (Opsona)
48. Oral Copaxone (Teva)
49. Osteopontin (Serono)
50. Peptidomimetics of apoE protein (apolipoprotein), COG133 (Duke University)
51. PI-2301 (Peptimmune)
52. PXS25 / PXS64 (Pharmaxis)
53. PXS2076 (Pharmaxis)
54. QR-442 (Quigley)
55. R348 (Rigel)
56. RheoSwitch Therapeutic System + TriGrid Delivery System (RheoGene, Ichor Medical Systems)
57. ROB 895 (Oxypharma)
58. ShK(L5) (UC Irvine)
59. STA-5326 (Synta Pharmaceuticals)
60. sTNFR:Fc/p80 (Medical University of Lodz, Poland)
61. Symadex (imidazoacridinone) (Xanthus)
62. Syntonix Transceptor/SynFusion (inhaled interferon-beta:Fc) (Syntonix/Serono)
63. Tetracycline (non-antibacterial) (Paratek)
64. Timcodar (Recovexx)
65. Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (aka VIP)
66. Vitamin B12 (Hospital for Sick Children - Toronto)
67. VX15 (Vaccinex and Teva)
68. 13-cis-retinoic acid (Kinemed)
69. 15d-PGJ(2) (University of Arkansas)
70. 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-4-ribofuranoside (AICAR) (Medical University of South Carolina)
http://members.shaw.ca/jasonkaye/Drug Pipeline.htm